Goals

• Apply all learned concepts in more complex programs
• Develop independent problem-solving skills
• Plan and structure programs

Complex Projects

Project 1: Interactive Calculator

Write a comprehensive calculator program that:

1. Asks the user for two numbers
2. Asks for the desired operation (+, -, *, /, power)
3. Calculates and displays the result
4. Asks if another calculation should be performed
5. Shows an error message for division by 0

Use:

• User input with input()
• Functions for each calculation type
• While-loop for repetition
• Linked conditions for input validation

Project 2: Pattern Generator

Create a program that offers the user different patterns to choose from:

• "1" for Spiral: Draws a spiral with 50 steps
• "2" for Flower: Draws 8 circles around a center point
• "3" for Star Explosion: Draws 20 lines from center outward
• "4" for Random Art: 15 random shapes in random colors
• "5" for Rainbow Spiral: Spiral with changing colors

Requirements:

• Use a separate function for each pattern
• Use loops and random numbers
• Let the user input parameters (e.g., size, quantity)

Project 3: Geometry Quiz

Write an interactive quiz program:

1. Generate random geometric problems:
   • Circle circumference given radius
   • Rectangle area given sides
   • Triangle angles (180° - other angles)
2. Ask user for the solution
3. Compare with correct answer
4. Keep statistics (correct/wrong answers)
5. Give evaluation at the end

Project 4: Turtle Art Gallery

Create a program that draws various artworks:

def fractal_tree(length, angle, depth):
    """Draws a fractal tree"""
    if depth == 0:
        return
    
    t.forward(length)
    t.left(angle)
    fractal_tree(length * 0.7, angle, depth - 1)
    t.right(2 * angle)
    fractal_tree(length * 0.7, angle, depth - 1)
    t.left(angle)
    t.backward(length)

def mandala(size, details):
    """Draws a mandala"""
    for i in range(details):
        t.circle(size)
        t.right(360 / details)

Challenging Individual Tasks

Task 1: Number Guessing Game

Program a number guessing game:

• Computer chooses random number between 1-100
• User guesses, computer gives hints ("too high", "too low")
• Count number of attempts
• After game: Statistics about previous games

Task 2: Turtle Graphics Editor

Create a simple graphics editor:

• Menu with different drawing options
• User can choose colors
• Various shapes available
• "Eraser" function (white color)
• Save/load drawings (as coordinate list)

Task 3: Maze Generator

Generate simple mazes:

• Create a grid of lines
• Randomly remove walls to create paths
• Ensure start and goal are reachable
• Bonus: Solve the maze automatically

Task 4: Weather Simulation

Simulate weather data:

• Generate random temperatures over 30 days
• Calculate average, maximum, minimum
• Draw a simple diagram of temperatures
• Forecast for next day based on trend

Project Evaluation Criteria

When evaluating your projects, I look for:

1. Functionality: Does the program run without errors?
2. Code Quality: Is the code cleanly structured and commented?
3. Concept Usage: Are functions, loops, conditions used meaningfully?
4. Creativity: Own ideas and extensions
5. Problem Solving: How are challenges solved?

Tips for Large Projects

1. Plan first: Think about the flow before you code
2. Small steps: Program in small, testable sections
3. Test frequently: Run your program regularly
4. Comment: Explain difficult parts in the code
5. Ask for help: Don't struggle alone too long with problems

Course Summary

In this Python course you learned:

• Variables and Data Types: Store and process data
• Conditions: Let programs make decisions
• Loops: Make code repeat
• Functions: Structure and reuse code
• Libraries: Use ready-made functions
• User Input: Create interactive programs

With these tools you can already write many interesting programs. This is just the beginning of your programming journey!